How to Fix Internal Server Error in WordPress
We’ve all been there — a site that was functioning perfectly well just seconds ago suddenly decides to throw a fit and spits out an internal server error. If you’re lucky, the WordPress admin still works, but, in some cases, even that may refuse to cooperate. In this article, we’ll explain what an internal server error is, and, more importantly, how to fix it.
Important: Always make a complete backup of your site (even if it’s not working as it should be) before making any changes — better safe than sorry!
Let’s get cracking.
What Is an Internal Server Error?
Internal server errors are annoying to users and developers alike because they don’t provide any information about the root of the problem — they just tell you there is one. Imagine if you went to the doctor and said you felt pain, but refused to reveal where that pain was — it’d make it very hard for the doctor to treat it! That’s the difficulty with an internal server error — there’s no indication of where the problem’s coming from.
What’s more, the name ‘internal server error’ can be misleading, because, in almost all cases, your host (and/or server) isn’t to blame. If you take a look at the HTTP specifications, you can see that an internal server error means the following:
The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.
There’s nothing wrong with the server itself — it’s simply encountered something it can’t figure out.
To figure out what’s going on, you’ll need to do a little troubleshooting and trial and error. By systematically going through the things that could be going wrong, you’ll be able to figure out what’s causing the problem and, more importantly, how to fix it.
How to Fix WordPress 500 Internal Server Error
We recommend you perform these steps in order. That is, start at Step #1 and work your way through the list. In a few situations, we’ll tell you to skip ahead based on the results of one of the steps. But, in general, go from top to bottom!
Beyond that, just a reminder that we always recommend backing up your site before making any of the changes on this list. If you can’t access your WordPress dashboard to use a backup plugin, you should still be able to create a backup through your hosting dashboard — ask your host’s support for help if you’re not sure how.
Now, let’s get to fixing…
0. ENABLE DEBUGGING
The first step should be to at least try to make sense of the error — you could get lucky! Depending on how your server handles errors, what you’re seeing may not actually be a server error at all. Instead, it could be an error in your site’s code (typically the code of a plugin or theme).
To see whether this is the case, you’ll need to edit the wp-config.php file in your website’s root directory:
- Download the file (via FTP).
- Open it (using a text editor).
- Search for
WP_DEBUG.
If the line already exists, change false to true and re-upload the file to the server.
If this line isn’t in your config file, create it by adding the following line of code somewhere above the line that says /* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */:
define( "WP_DEBUG", true );
Reload your website and see if the error changes. If it does, and you now see a ‘fatal error’ message that points to a specific line of code in a specific file, then you’re looking at a relatively simple code error. Assuming said error originates from a plugin or theme, you’ll need to disable the offending product and/or work on fixing the issue yourself (or have someone else take a look at it if you’re not able to work out what’s happening on your own).
Note: Once you’ve finished with this step, make sure to change the WP_DEBUG value back to false, so you don’t accidentally leave debug mode enabled. By default, it will display debug messages on your entire site, which is confusing for your visitors and a potential security risk.
1. CHECK IF YOUR WORDPRESS DASHBOARD WORKS
The next step is to test whether or not you’re able to access your backend WordPress dashboard.
Visit your website admin at http://yoursite.com/wp-admin/. If this page loads properly and allows you to log in, you can be reasonably sure the issue is with a plugin or with your theme. If your admin loads, continue to step two. If it doesn’t, skip to step four.
2. DISABLE ALL PLUGINS
Next, it’s time to test if the issue is coming from a plugin. There’s almost no way a plugin can cause issues if it’s disabled, so the easiest way to test this is to disable all of your plugins at once. This won’t delete your plugins, nor will it make you lose any of your data (that’s still safely stored in your database). What it will do is disable their code from running, which will fix the problem if a plugin’s code is triggering the internal server error.
If your WordPress dashboard is working fine, you can disable plugins by following these steps:
- Go to the Plugins area in your WordPress dashboard.
- Use the checkbox to select all plugins.
- Use the Bulk actions drop-down to Deactivate them.
- Click Apply.
If you’re unable to deactivate plugins via your dashboard for some reason, you can also deactivate them via FTP by following these instructions:
- Connect to your WordPress site’s server via FTP.
- Navigate to the
wp-contentfolder. - Rename the
pluginsfolder toplugins-deactivated.
If you’ve disabled all of your plugins and your site still won’t load, go to step three.
If your site’s up and running, the next step is to figure out which specific plugin is causing issues.
To do this, you’ll need to reactivate your plugins one by one. Keep checking for that internal server error after activating each plugin. When you’ve found the culprit, you can decide what to do with it. The best course of action is to keep the plugin disabled and notify the author immediately. If it’s a mission-critical plugin, you should probably look for a better, more stable alternative.
Note: If you deactivated your plugins via FTP, you’ll need to rename the folder back to the original plugins name before you can start reactivating plugins.
In some very rare cases, running old software such as PHP 5.3 may cause issues. Before replacing a plugin that’s proved to be trustworthy so far, take a look at step seven.
3. SWITCH TO A DEFAULT THEME
If deactivating your plugins didn’t solve the issue, your theme could also be the culprit. You can verify this by switching to a default WordPress theme. We recommend using Twenty Twenty, which is the latest default theme.
If you’re still able to manage themes from your WordPress dashboard, you can do this by going to Appearance -> Themes. If you already deleted the default theme, you can reinstall it from WordPress.org.
If you can’t switch themes from your WordPress dashboard, you can also perform this via FTP by following these instructions:
- Connect to your WordPress site’s server via FTP.
- Navigate to the
wp-content/themesfolder. - [Optional] If you don’t have the Twenty Twenty theme installed, you can install it by uploading the theme folder that you download from WordPress.org (make sure to extract the ZIP file before uploading the folder).
- Rename the folder of your current theme to
[theme-name]-deactivated.
When you rename the folder of your active theme, WordPress will automatically fall back to the default theme (as long as the default theme is installed).
If switching to Twenty Twenty solves the problem, you can re-enable all plugins and get to work finding the issue in your theme’s code.
If your theme is from either the official theme repository or an independent theme shop, you should let the author know as soon as possible. If, on the other hand, it’s your own theme, you’ll need to get a developer to help you out, because these bugs can often be very difficult to find — even for seasoned coders.
In some very rare cases, running old software such as PHP 5.3 may cause issues. Before spending hours trying to find a bug, or paying hundreds of dollars to a developer, take a look at step seven.
4. INCREASE YOUR MEMORY LIMIT
If your website is using too much memory, it’ll definitely throw a fit — quite possibly resulting in a 500 internal server error. In many cases, this is a sign of a badly coded theme or plugin. It can be remedied quickly by increasing the memory limit, but this isn’t a sure-fire way of solving the problem, and won’t get to the root of it.
You can try to manually increase your memory limit. However, keep in mind that your server or your account may have a set amount of memory allocated to it and you won’t be able to increase your memory limit beyond that.
There are a few ways you can go about increasing your limit:
wp-config.phpfilePHP.inifile (if you have access — you may not).htaccessfile
For all of these files, you’ll need to edit them by connecting to your server via FTP and adding a code snippet (or changing the value of an existing code snippet if the snippet already exists). Here’s what to add:
wp-config.php file
Add the following code snippet above the line that says /* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */:
define('WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M');
PHP.ini
Find the line that says memory_limit = [number]M and change the number to 256. For example, memory_limit = 256M.
.htaccess file
Add the following line:
php_value memory_limit 256M
Alternatively, speak to your host for more specific instructions — some will be more than happy to increase your memory limit with almost no fuss on your part.
5. DEBUG .HTACCESS ISSUES
If your host uses the Apache Server (which most WordPress hosts do, especially on the budget end), the .htaccess file is a configuration file that enables some relatively advanced functionality. Using it, you can enable gzip compression, change the maximum upload size, set up redirects, and do all sorts of other handy things. WordPress also uses this file to manage your site’s permalinks, among other features.
A typo, a forgotten space or an unclosed quote, for example, could easily cause a 500 internal server error, grinding your website — including your admin — to a halt.
There’s a simple way to check if this file has errors:
- Connect to your server via FTP and find the
.htaccessfile, which is located in the root folder. - Back up the existing file by downloading it to your computer.
- Once you’ve backed up the original file, delete the copy of
.htaccessthat’s on your server.
If your website comes back online, then the issue is with your .htaccess file. If you don’t have any custom .htaccess rules (e.g. custom redirects), you can force WordPress to generate a new .htaccess file by going to Settings -> Permalinks and clicking Save (you don’t need to change any settings — just click the save button with your existing settings).
If you do have custom rules, you can go through the .htaccess file line by line to see when your site goes down. Once you’ve found the offending line, make sure it doesn’t have any unnecessary text (perhaps an unclosed quote or something similar). If you can’t find the problem, you’ll probably just want to delete the line. Your website being completely down is far worse than a missing .htaccess line — ask around on forums if you need more help.
6. REINSTALL WORDPRESS
It’s extremely rare, but you may have some corrupted files in the WordPress core. This isn’t anything to worry about — something may have gone wrong when your server was copying the required files, for example. Re-uploading the WordPress Core files may solve your problem.
Here’s how to reinstall the core WordPress files:
- Download a fresh copy of WordPress from WordPress.org.
- Extract the ZIP file.
- Delete the
wp-contentfolder and thewp-config-sample.phpfile. Also, make sure there isn’t awp-config.phpfile (and delete one if there is). This file shouldn’t be there, but it’s always good to double-check! - Connect to your server via FTP.
- Upload the remaining files and folders to the root folder.
- When prompted by your FTP program, tell it to overwrite all files.
7. CHECK FOR PHP VERSION ISSUES
While old PHP versions usually don’t cause the internal server error, it may be worth talking to your host and asking them to give you a newer version before spending valuable time and money. PHP 7 has deprecated some previous features — for example, a plugin may use a function that’s not available in older versions of PHP, and so on.
Ask your host what version of PHP you’re running. As of September 2020, PHP 5.6 no longer receives any updates (not even basic security support) — don’t accept it if your host is running your site on such an old version. You should at least have some variant of PHP 7 running. Ideally, you’ll want to be on PHP 7.3+ as PHP 7.0 also no longer receives updates and even PHP 7.2 will stop receiving security fixes at the end of 2020.
NOTHING WORKING? TEST FOR COMPOUND PROBLEMS
While it’s unlikely you’ll have two problems at once, it can happen. You may have a plugin that’s causing an issue, as well as an .htaccess problem. In this case, the problem won’t be resolved when you disable all plugins and it won’t be resolved if you remove your .htaccess file — only if you do both.
If you’ve followed these steps and you’re still getting a 500 internal server error, you should start again and make sure to not undo any changes. Keep your plugins disabled, keep your theme switched to Twenty Twenty, and so on.
Through trial and error, you’ll be able to discover the combination of issues that are causing problems.
Frustrated By Dealing With Errors? Try Managed WordPress Hosting
As you can see, a lot of work goes into troubleshooting common WordPress errors such as the 500 internal server error. If you don’t want to have to deal with these issues yourself (and you’re willing to pay a little more for the convenience), moving your site to managed WordPress hosting could be a good decision. A high-quality managed WordPress host will proactively monitor for these types of errors and fix them for you to keep your site working.
Final Thoughts
Because of the vagueness of the internal server error message, resolving it can be difficult, but, by following the steps above, you should be able to eventually figure out what’s going wrong.
If you still can’t solve the problem, contact your host.
Best Joomla 3.9.25 Hosting Recommendation
Joomla is one of the most popular free content management systems (CMS) in the world that allows you to easily create and manage a dynamic website. It has an intuitive management interface to control all the features and functionality this powerful CMS possesses. Furthermore, there are hundreds of free extensions written for Joomla that allows users to extend its functionality and customize it to their own objectives. Joomla Content Management System is supported by a large and friendly community where newbies could really rely on assistance from more experienced members.
The Joomla Web CMS is considered to be a popular choice for many types of websites, including corporate sites, news or blogs, government applications, small business sites and sites where secure logins are required. The ecosystem of Joomla developers and users provide products and services to the Joomla community which has more than one-half million members and more than 20,000 developers.
Joomla! 3.9.25 is now available. The Joomla! Project and the Production Leadership Team are proud to announce the release of Joomla! 3.9.25 as the latest in the 3.x series. Introducing 34 new features, including support for the recently released PHP 7 scripting language, which significantly increases web site speed.
Joomla 3.9.25 is now available. This is a security release for the 3.x series of Joomla which addresses 9 security vulnerabilities and contains more than 40 bug fixes and improvements.
What’s in 3.9.25?
Joomla 3.9.25 includes 9 security vulnerability fixes and addresses several bugs, including:
Security Issues Fixed
- [20210301] Low Severity – Low Impact – Insecure randomness within 2FA secret generation (affecting Joomla! 3.2.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210302] Low Severity – Low Impact – Potential Insecure FOFEncryptRandval (affecting Joomla! 3.2.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210303] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – XSS within alert messages showed to users (affecting Joomla! 2.5.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210304] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – XSS within the feed parser library (affecting Joomla! 2.5.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210305] Low Severity – Low Impact – Input validation within the template manager (affecting Joomla! 3.2.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210306] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – com_media allowed paths that are not intended for image uploads (affecting Joomla! 3.0.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210307] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – ACL violation within com_content frontend editing (affecting Joomla! 3.0.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210308] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – Path Traversal within joomla/archive zip class (affecting Joomla! 3.0.0 through 3.9.24)
- [20210309] Low Severity – Moderate Impact – Inadequate filtering of form contents could allow to overwrite the author field (affecting Joomla! 1.6.0 through 3.9.24)
Bug fixes and Improvements
- Fix Save as Copy tag #32454
- Fix published attribute for Tag field #32332
- Fix batch menu items #32380
- Stream transport should enable verify_peer_name when possible #16501
- Optimize the code for rename incorrectly cased files on update #32176
- Addional PHP 8 improvments #31977 #32374
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How to Choose Cheap Joomla 3.9.25 Hosting Recommendation
Reliability and Speed of Access
Not only should the web host be reliable and fast, it should guarantee its uptime (the time when it is functional). Look for a minimum uptime of 99%. In fact, even 99% is actually too low — it really should be 99.5% or higher. The host should provide some sort of refund (eg prorated refund or discount) if it falls below that figure. Note though that guarantees are often hard to enforce from your end — especially if the host denies there was any downtime. However, without that guarantee, the web host will have little incentive to ensure that its servers are running all the time.
Data Transfer (Traffic/Bandwidth)
Data transfer (sometimes loosely referred to as “traffic” or “bandwidth”) is the amount of bytes transferred from your site to visitors when they browse your site.
Don’t believe any commercial web host that advertises “unlimited bandwidth”. The host has to pay for the bandwidth, and if you consume a lot of it, they will not silently bear your costs. Many high bandwidth websites have found this out the hard way when they suddenly receive an exorbitant bill for having “exceeded” the “unlimited bandwidth”. Always look for details on how much traffic the package allows. I personally always stay clear of any host that advertises “unlimited transfer”, even if the exact amount is specified somewhere else (sometimes buried in their policy statements). Usually you will find that they redefine “unlimited” to be limited in some way.
In addition, while bandwidth provided is something you should always check, do not be unduly swayed by promises of incredibly huge amounts of bandwidth. Chances are that your website will never be able to use that amount because it will hit other limits, namely resource limits.
To give you a rough idea of the typical traffic requirements of a website, most new sites that don’t provide video or music on their site use less than 3 GB of bandwidth per month. Your traffic requirements will grow over time, as your site becomes more well-known, so you will need to also check their policy when you exceed your data transfer limit: is there a published charge per GB over the allowed bandwidth? Is the charge made according to actual usage or are you expected to pre-pay for a potential overage? It is better not to go for hosts that expect you to prepay for overages, since it is very hard to forsee when your site will exceed its bandwidth and by how much.
Disk space
For the same reason as bandwidth, watch out also for those “unlimited disk space” schemes. Many new sites (that don’t host videos or music) need less than 20 MB of web space, so even if you are provided with a host that tempts you with 100 GB (or “unlimited space”), be aware that you are unlikely to use that space, so don’t let the 100 GB space be too big a factor in your consideration when comparing with other web hosts. The hosting company is also aware of that, which is why they feel free to offer you that as a means of enticing you to host there.
Technical support
Does its technical support function 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (often abbreviated 24/7), all year around? Note that I will not accept a host which does not have staff working on weekends or public holidays. You will be surprised at how often things go wrong at the most inconvenient of times. Incidentally, just because a host advertises that it has 24/7 support does not necessarily mean that it really has that kind of support. Test them out by emailing at midnight and on Saturday nights, Sunday mornings, etc. Check out how long they take to respond. Besides speed of responses, check to see if they are technically competent. You wouldn’t want to sign up with a host that is run by a bunch of salesmen who only know how to sell and not fix problems.
Email, Autoresponders, POP3, Mail Forwarding
If you have your own site, you will probably want to have email addresses at your own domain, like [email protected], etc. Does the host allow you to set up whatever email addresses you want on your domain, so that mail can be forwarded to your current email address, or placed into a mail box on your web hosting account itself? Can you set an email address to automatically reply to the sender with a preset message (called an autoresponder)? Can you retrieve your mail with your email software?
Control Panel
This is called various names by different hosts, but essentially, they all allow you to manage different aspects of your web account yourself. Typically, and at the very minimum, it should allow you to do things like add, delete, and manage your email addresses, and change passwords for your account. I will not sign up with a host where I have to go through their technical support each time I want to change a password or add/delete an email account. Such tasks are common maintenance chores that every webmaster performs time and time again, and it would be a great hassle if you had to wait for their technical support to make the changes for you.
Web Server and Operating System
Is the type of operating system and server important?
In general, most people will want to sign up for a web host offering a Unix-based system (like Linux, FreeBSD or OpenBSD) and running the Apache web server. Most web-based software assume your website is running on such a system, and you will usually experience fewer compatibility issues with it. There are also a lot of guides available on the Internet on configuring such systems, so finding help when you need it is easier as well.
In my opinion, the only time when you will want to use a Windows server is if you’re running Windows-specific programs, like ASP scripts. But even then, you’ll probably be better off looking for a PHP-equivalent, and using a Unix-based system.
Price
I was actually hesitant to list this, but I guess it’s futile not to. However, I would caution that while price is always a factor, you should realise (“realize” in US English) that you often get what you pay for, although it’s not necessarily true that the most expensive hosts are the best.
Monthly/Quarterly/Annual Payment Plans
Most web hosts allow you to select an annual payment plan that gives you a cheaper rate than if you were to pay monthly. My current personal preference is to pay monthly with all new web hosts until I’m assured of their reliability and honesty. Paying monthly allows me to switch web hosts quickly when I find that the current host does not meet my requirements: this way, I’m not tied down to a bad web host because I have prepaid for an entire year. I do this even if the new web host guarantees that they will refund the balance if I’m dissatisfied, since at the point I sign up, I have no assurance that they will honour their guarantee. Later (usually after a couple of years), when I’m satisfied with the host, I may change payment plans to the discounted annual plans.
Resellers?
Not all hosting companies own or lease their own web servers. Some of them are actually resellers for some other hosting company. The disadvantage of using a reseller is the possibility that you are dealing with people who don’t know much about the system they are selling and who take longer to help you (they have to transmit your technical support request to the actual hosting company for it to be acted upon). However, this also depends on both the reseller and the underlying hosting company. It is thus wise not to rule out all resellers; there are a number of reliable and fast ones who are actually quite good and cheap. In fact, a number of resellers sell the same packages cheaper than their original hosting company. If you find out that a particular company is a reseller, you will need to investigate both the reseller and the real hosting company.
International
If you don’t stay in the USA, you have the option of hosting your site with some local provider. The advantage here is the ease of dealing with them (they are after all easily accessible by phone call or a visit), your familiarity with the local laws and easy recourse to those laws should it be necessary. It should be your choice if your target audience is local (eg a local fast food delivery service). On the other hand, hosting it in USA has the advantage of faster access for what is probably the largest number of your overseas visitors (particularly if you have an English-speaking audience). You also have a large number of hosting companies to choose from, and as a result, cheaper prices too.
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PrestaShop is an open source e-commerce solution that is used freely by more than 120,000 online stores worldwide. It comes with over 275 features being carefully developed in order to increase business owners’ sales with minimal efforts required. All the software features are absolutely free.
PrestaShop is free software as it’s specified in the GNU General Public License and officially started in August 2007 for small and medium-size businesses. The software, based on the Smartly template engine, nowadays is used by more than 100,000 shops all over the world.
PrestaShop has a good record and even was awarded the title of the Best Open Source E-Commerce Application in the Packt 2010 Open Source Awards and the Best Open Source Business Application in the 2011 Open Source Awards.
It supports various payment systems such as PayPal, Google Checkout, Payments Pro via API, Authorize.net and Skrill. It is used on Apache web server 1.3 or later, with PHP 5 or later and MySQL 5 running on it.
About 41 languages are available to different degrees, but only English and French have full support in all the versions. In the admin panel AJAX is used extensively in the software. Module blocks can be added easily to the online store to supply with extra functionality.
Think of managing a dynamic product list at the PrestaShop back-office: administrative interface helps you manage with one-click most complex inventory updates. PrestaShop has a one-page checkout, provides customers with a great number of options to view the chosen products, reliable shipping options along with control logistics ( fees, shipping restrictions, weight and many more) and the ability to attach custom messages. So you can see that PrestaShop will do its best to simplify and make more comfortable customers’ work. When speaking about defying taxes according to customer’s localization, PrestaShop has an advanced tracking system as well as customizable exchange rates. The customers can also choose the preferred currency.
What are the new features in PrestaShop 1.7.7.2 release?
After a few weeks dedicated to fixing upgrades problems, regressions and security issues found on the previous 1.7.7 versions, PrestaShop 1.7.7.2 is finally available!
This patch release fixes 21 regressions reported on version 1.7.7.0 and 1.7.7.1 and 2 security issues.
We suggest upgrading your shop quickly in order to benefit from these changes. Of course, don’t forget to make a backup before.
Reminder: the 1-Click Upgrade module’s latest version is v4.12.0, don’t forget to upgrade it before using it.
Main fixes
Below are listed some main regressions we fixed in this version:
Upgrade
- When upgrading from 1.6.1.24 to 1.7.7.1, modules crashes the FO
- When upgrading from 1.7.6.9 to 1.7.7.1 some DB’s columns are missing
SEO
- ItemList is incorrect for products blocks of carousels and product list
- A search with Alias composed with two words doesn’t show any results
Order page
- I cannot delete a product when debug mode is enabled
- The display of the cart rule on FO with free gift + percentage cart rule is incorrect
- The Shipping price not instantly updated on the Order page
- The VAT number is missing in order page
- I cannot search a product when a shop from different Group is selected on create a the Add new order page
- Symfony ContextErrorException Error 500 when debug enabled
- The refresh button is not working on details modal of carts on the customer page
- The gift block is not updated when changing the Address for a discount on the countrie on the Add new Order page
- An error is displayed in the console when adding a voucher
Shopping Cart
- Reference number of product is incorrect in Shopping Carts
- Searching and viewing shopping carts in the back office produces an “unexpected error” screen
Others
- Installation Error in Persian (Farsi) Language
- Customer Group Discounts are not showned on Your voucher page in the front-office
Security fixes
2 security fixes have been included in this patch version:
- CSV Injection via CSV export (security advisory)
- Improper session management for soft logout (security advisory)
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How to Choose Cheap and Reliable PrestaShop v1.7.7.2 Hosting?
Reliability and Speed of Access
Not only should the web host be reliable and fast, it should guarantee its uptime (the time when it is functional). Look for a minimum uptime of 99%. In fact, even 99% is actually too low — it really should be 99.5% or higher. The host should provide some sort of refund (eg prorated refund or discount) if it falls below that figure. Note though that guarantees are often hard to enforce from your end — especially if the host denies there was any downtime. However, without that guarantee, the web host will have little incentive to ensure that its servers are running all the time.
Data Transfer (Traffic/Bandwidth)
Data transfer (sometimes loosely referred to as “traffic” or “bandwidth”) is the amount of bytes transferred from your site to visitors when they browse your site.
Don’t believe any commercial web host that advertises “unlimited bandwidth”. The host has to pay for the bandwidth, and if you consume a lot of it, they will not silently bear your costs. Many high bandwidth websites have found this out the hard way when they suddenly receive an exorbitant bill for having “exceeded” the “unlimited bandwidth”. Always look for details on how much traffic the package allows. I personally always stay clear of any host that advertises “unlimited transfer”, even if the exact amount is specified somewhere else (sometimes buried in their policy statements). Usually you will find that they redefine “unlimited” to be limited in some way.
In addition, while bandwidth provided is something you should always check, do not be unduly swayed by promises of incredibly huge amounts of bandwidth. Chances are that your website will never be able to use that amount because it will hit other limits, namely resource limits.
To give you a rough idea of the typical traffic requirements of a website, most new sites that don’t provide video or music on their site use less than 3 GB of bandwidth per month. Your traffic requirements will grow over time, as your site becomes more well-known, so you will need to also check their policy when you exceed your data transfer limit: is there a published charge per GB over the allowed bandwidth? Is the charge made according to actual usage or are you expected to pre-pay for a potential overage? It is better not to go for hosts that expect you to prepay for overages, since it is very hard to forsee when your site will exceed its bandwidth and by how much.
Disk space
For the same reason as bandwidth, watch out also for those “unlimited disk space” schemes. Many new sites (that don’t host videos or music) need less than 20 MB of web space, so even if you are provided with a host that tempts you with 100 GB (or “unlimited space”), be aware that you are unlikely to use that space, so don’t let the 100 GB space be too big a factor in your consideration when comparing with other web hosts. The hosting company is also aware of that, which is why they feel free to offer you that as a means of enticing you to host there.
Technical support
Does its technical support function 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (often abbreviated 24/7), all year around? Note that I will not accept a host which does not have staff working on weekends or public holidays. You will be surprised at how often things go wrong at the most inconvenient of times. Incidentally, just because a host advertises that it has 24/7 support does not necessarily mean that it really has that kind of support. Test them out by emailing at midnight and on Saturday nights, Sunday mornings, etc. Check out how long they take to respond. Besides speed of responses, check to see if they are technically competent. You wouldn’t want to sign up with a host that is run by a bunch of salesmen who only know how to sell and not fix problems.
Email, Autoresponders, POP3, Mail Forwarding
If you have your own site, you will probably want to have email addresses at your own domain, like [email protected], etc. Does the host allow you to set up whatever email addresses you want on your domain, so that mail can be forwarded to your current email address, or placed into a mail box on your web hosting account itself? Can you set an email address to automatically reply to the sender with a preset message (called an autoresponder)? Can you retrieve your mail with your email software?
Control Panel
This is called various names by different hosts, but essentially, they all allow you to manage different aspects of your web account yourself. Typically, and at the very minimum, it should allow you to do things like add, delete, and manage your email addresses, and change passwords for your account. I will not sign up with a host where I have to go through their technical support each time I want to change a password or add/delete an email account. Such tasks are common maintenance chores that every webmaster performs time and time again, and it would be a great hassle if you had to wait for their technical support to make the changes for you.
Web Server and Operating System
Is the type of operating system and server important?
In general, most people will want to sign up for a web host offering a Unix-based system (like Linux, FreeBSD or OpenBSD) and running the Apache web server. Most web-based software assume your website is running on such a system, and you will usually experience fewer compatibility issues with it. There are also a lot of guides available on the Internet on configuring such systems, so finding help when you need it is easier as well.
In my opinion, the only time when you will want to use a Windows server is if you’re running Windows-specific programs, like ASP scripts. But even then, you’ll probably be better off looking for a PHP-equivalent, and using a Unix-based system.
Price
I was actually hesitant to list this, but I guess it’s futile not to. However, I would caution that while price is always a factor, you should realise (“realize” in US English) that you often get what you pay for, although it’s not necessarily true that the most expensive hosts are the best.
Monthly/Quarterly/Annual Payment Plans
Most web hosts allow you to select an annual payment plan that gives you a cheaper rate than if you were to pay monthly. My current personal preference is to pay monthly with all new web hosts until I’m assured of their reliability and honesty. Paying monthly allows me to switch web hosts quickly when I find that the current host does not meet my requirements: this way, I’m not tied down to a bad web host because I have prepaid for an entire year. I do this even if the new web host guarantees that they will refund the balance if I’m dissatisfied, since at the point I sign up, I have no assurance that they will honour their guarantee. Later (usually after a couple of years), when I’m satisfied with the host, I may change payment plans to the discounted annual plans.
Resellers?
Not all hosting companies own or lease their own web servers. Some of them are actually resellers for some other hosting company. The disadvantage of using a reseller is the possibility that you are dealing with people who don’t know much about the system they are selling and who take longer to help you (they have to transmit your technical support request to the actual hosting company for it to be acted upon). However, this also depends on both the reseller and the underlying hosting company. It is thus wise not to rule out all resellers; there are a number of reliable and fast ones who are actually quite good and cheap. In fact, a number of resellers sell the same packages cheaper than their original hosting company. If you find out that a particular company is a reseller, you will need to investigate both the reseller and the real hosting company.
International
If you don’t stay in the USA, you have the option of hosting your site with some local provider. The advantage here is the ease of dealing with them (they are after all easily accessible by phone call or a visit), your familiarity with the local laws and easy recourse to those laws should it be necessary. It should be your choice if your target audience is local (eg a local fast food delivery service). On the other hand, hosting it in USA has the advantage of faster access for what is probably the largest number of your overseas visitors (particularly if you have an English-speaking audience). You also have a large number of hosting companies to choose from, and as a result, cheaper prices too.
How to Fix Cloudflare Error 527
Cloudflare error 527 triggers due to an interrupt in the connection between Cloudflare and the origin’s Railgun server(rg-listener). This happens due to a firewall block or network issues like packet loss in the connection between Cloudflare and the origin server.
Let us today discuss the possible causes and fixes for this error.
What causes Cloudflare error 527?
The interrupt in the connection between Cloudflare and origin server happens due to a variety of reasons. Some of them to list out are:
- Connection timeouts
- LAN timeout exceeded
- Connection refusals
- TLS/SSL related errors
It then results in the Cloudflare error 527 as shown below.
Let us now look at each of them one by one.
Connection timeouts
One of the main reasons for the 527 error is a timeout in the connection between Cloudflare and the railgun server. If the Railgun Listener is unable to establish or complete a TCP handshake with the origin server, it records a time out error as shown below in the Railgun logs:
connection failed 0.0.0.0:443/example.com: dial tcp 0.0.0.0:443: i/o timeout
no response from origin (timeout) 0.0.0.0:80/example.comThe first step in fixing this issue would be to verify if the Railgun Listener and the origin server are able to connect directly. For example, the netcat command tests connectivity when it is run from the Railgun Listener to the origin web server’s SERVERIP and PORT.
nc -vz SERVERIP PORTIt can be done by using commands like cURL, ping, or running traceroute/mtr against the web server’s source IP. Ping or nc is helpful to confirm that the web server’s ports are open and accepts traffic from the Listener. This will help to determine if the connection is being accepted from the site’s origin server, or if an issue is present that is impacting the webserver from accepting requests.
Once we confirm the cause for the issue, we could then move on to fix it by editing the required settings.
LAN timeout exceeded
By default, the timeout limit for a server to send an HTTP response to the Listener is thirty seconds. The lan.timeout parameter in the railgun.conf file determines this value. If the origin server does not respond within the specified timeout limit, then the following error would be seen in the Listener logs:
connection failed 0.0.0.0:443/example.com: dial tcp 0.0.0.0:443: i/o timeoutThe lan.timeout parameter of the railgun.conf file determines this time. Also, it would be a good idea to review the webserver configuration as to why the origin is taking a long time to respond to requests from the Listener. In most scenarios, it is also helpful to check the current load/bandwidth on the webserver to confirm if the server is unable to respond efficiently for requests due to overload.
Connection refusals
The Railgun logs will show the following errors on the refusal of the requests from the Railgun Listener.
Error getting page: dial tcp 0.0.0.0:80:connection refusedWhitelisting the Listener’s server IP from the origin server’s firewall settings will help to fix this error.
TLS/SSL related errors
The failure of the TLS requests to connect to the origin server from the Railgun Listener, results in the connection failed error. A typical error message in the Railgun Logs would look like:
connection failed 0.0.0.0:443/example.com: remote error: handshake failure
connection failed 0.0.0.0:443/example.com: dial tcp 0.0.0.0:443:connection refused
connection failed 127.0.0.1:443/www.example.com: x509: certificate is valid for
example.com, not www.example.comThis can happen due to a variety of reasons. The points to be cross-checked here include:
- Port 443 is open.
- The origin web server has an SSL certificate.
- The SAN or Common Name of the origin web server’s SSL certificate contains the requested hostname.
- SSL is set to Full or Full (Strict) in the Overview tab of the Cloudflare SSL/TLS app
If the origin web server is using a self-signed SSL certificate, we need to set validate.cert=0 in railgun.conf.
Conclusion
In short, Cloudflare error 526 occurs due to an interrupt in the connection between Cloudflare and the origin’s Railgun server(rg-listener).
Cheap Umbraco 8.11.0 Hosting Provider Recommendation
Umbraco
Umbraco is a fully-featured open source content management system with the flexibility to run anything from small campaign or brochure sites right through to complex applications for Fortune 500’s and some of the largest media sites in the world.
Umbraco is easy to learn and use, making it perfect for web designers, developers and content creators alike.
Umbraco is strongly supported by both an active and welcoming community of users around the world, and backed up by a rock-solid commercial organization providing professional support and tools. Umbraco can be used in its free, open-source format with the additional option of professional tools and support if required.
Why Should You Use Umbraco?
The award winning, responsive CMS
Umbraco is one of the most deployed CMS systems on the Microsoft stack.
Umbraco CMS offers the power and flexibility to run anything from pure publishing sites and large media sites, to complex applications for Fortune 500 companies. Massively extendable, there is no limit to what you can do.
It’s FREE & Open Source
Umbraco is a completely free and Open Source CMS built upon Microsoft’s .NET Framework.
With no ongoing license fee Umbraco is both a powerful and cost effective CMS solution.
Umbraco Cloud Hosting
Umbraco can be hosted on any Windows Server but if you’d prefer to remove the stress of managing and setting up your own website hosting then Umbraco offer an amazing hosting solution called Umbraco Cloud.
Let Umbraco manage your website hosting so you can concentrate on your website and business.
Website Owners
Managing your website couldn’t be easier than with Umbraco CMS.
- Multiple Site Management, run and manage multiple websites from a single Umbraco installation.
- System Integration, easy integration with any 3rd party tool.
- Cross-Platform, manage not only websites but also mobile apps, intranet sites, rich-media and e-commerce.
- Responsive CMS, manage content on the go with your smartphone, tablet or laptop.
- Out-The-Box Features, 301 redirect management, health check dashboard, device preview and lots more features to help you with your website.
Content Creators
Creating content couldn’t be easier than with Umbraco CMS.
- Easy to Learn & Use, super simple CMS interface, a wealth of documentation, training videos and the famously helpful Umbraco community.
- Multi Lingual, in built support for multi-lingual sites.
- Role Based Access Levels, easily assign different publishing rights for your website administrators.
- Media Library, manage all your media assets from a single location. Scale and crop your images directly within Umbraco.
- Schedule Content, automatically publish and unpublish content whenever you want.
Designers & Developers
Extending your website couldn’t be easier than with Umbraco CMS.
- Integrate with Business Systems, open and flexible architecture allows for easy integration with any existing system.
- Easy to Use API’s, Umbraco API gives you programmatic access to everything in the Umbraco CMS.
- Performance Boosts, with image and content caching built in, your Umbraco powered websites will be lightening fast.
- Custom Code, using Razor, User controls or XSLT you can develop with whatever approach you prefer.
- Design Freedom, Umbraco places no restrictions or set frameworks to your front-end giving designers maximum freedom for their design creations.
Umbraco Hosting Provider Recommendation
Are you looking for cheap Umbraco hosting? Finding a high quality cheap Umbraco hosting provider is crucial for your web application. Your Umbraco application can only run smooth if it will be hosted on a server which can provide a higher up time & plenty of computing resources. There’re thousands of web hosting providers which offer asp.net hosting, but choosing cheap Umbraco hosting provider is a time consuming task. To make your buying decision easy we’ve concluded 3 best yet cheap Umbraco hosting providers which are reliable and offer affordable Umbraco hosting so that every one can afford it.
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| ASPHostPortal | DiscountService.biz | UKWindowsHostASP.NET |
| $1.00/month | $2.00/month | £3.00/month |
| Host 1 Site | Host 1 Site | Host 5 Sites |
| 1 GB Disk Space | 1 GB Disk Space | 1 GB Disk Space |
| 10 GB Bandwidth | 10 GB Bandwidth | 20 GB Bandwidth |
| Dedicated Application Pool | Dedicated Application Pool | Dedicated Application Pool |
| Support UTF-8 Domains | Support UTF-8 Domains | Support UTF-8 Domains |
| 30-Days Money Back | 30-Days Money Back | 30-Days Money Back |
| Latest ASP.NET | Latest ASP.NET | Latest ASP.NET |
| Plesk Control Panel | Plesk Control Panel | Plesk Control Panel |
| Windows 2008/2012 | Windows 2008/2012 | Windows 2008/2012 |
| SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 | SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 | SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 |
| Latest MySql version | Latest MySql version | Latest MySql version |
Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting – Dedicated Cloud Server
Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting – Dedicated Cloud Server
Node.js is a runtime system for creating (mostly) server-side applications. It’s best known as a popular means for JavaScript coders to build real-time Web APIs.
But Node.js is not a JavaScript framework; indeed, several authors have written excellent frameworks specifically for Node.js, including Express.js, Restify.js, and Hapi.js. So what exactly is this phenomenon finding its way into Web applications, operating systems wrappers, microcontrollers, and robots?
At it’s core, Node.js is a stripped-down, highly customizable server engine — a proto-server, if you will — because out of the box it doesn’t do anything until you set it up. This proto-server processes in a loop, ready to accept and respond to requests. Any of those requests themselves may initiate other requests to some other part of the system, such as to read a file off of disk or to send a signal to spin a motor on a robot arm. That loop, known as the event loop, is the “runtime” part.
Node.js ships with workhorse connectors and libraries such as those relating to HTTP, SSL, compression, filesystem access, and raw TCP and UDP. JavaScript, already tuned for a Web browser’s event loop environment for GUI and network events, is a great language for wiring up these connectors. You can snap connectors onto the event loop almost as easily as you can snap Lego parts together. Doing so lets you create a simple, dynamic Web server in just a few lines of JavaScript.
What’s New in Node.js v15.9.0?
Notable Changes
- crypto:
- add keyObject.export() ‘jwk’ format option (Filip Skokan) #37081
- deps:
- upgrade to libuv 1.41.0 (Colin Ihrig) #37360
- doc:
- add dmabupt to collaborators (Xu Meng) #37377
- refactor fs docs structure (James M Snell) #37170
- fs:
- add fsPromises.watch() (James M Snell) #37179
- use a default callback for fs.close() (James M Snell) #37174
- add AbortSignal support to watch (Benjamin Gruenbaum) #37190
- perf_hooks:
- introduce createHistogram (James M Snell) #37155
- stream:
- improve Readable.from error handling (Benjamin Gruenbaum) #37158
- timers:
- introduce setInterval async iterator (linkgoron) #37153
- tls:
- add ability to get cert/peer cert as X509Certificate object (James M Snell) #37070
Are you looking for Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting? Finding a high quality Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting provider is crucial for your web application. Your Node.js v15.9.0 application can only run smooth if it will be hosted on a server which can provide a higher up time & plenty of computing resources. There’re thousands of web hosting providers which offer asp.net hosting, but choosing Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting provider is a time consuming task. To make your buying decision easy we’ve concluded 3 Best yet Cheap Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting providers which are reliable and offer affordable Node.js v15.9.0 Hosting so that every one can afford it.
If you know JavaScript, Node.js is a gentle on-ramp to asynchronous computing for the Web. And it just so happens that Node.js is suited to solve Web problems exactly of this type: integration and glue challenges, with cascading calls to API after API.
Where does Node.js not work so well? It’s not totally appropriate in places where a single-threaded calculation is going to be the holdup, like some kinds of successive approximation or classification. In those instances, it’s more efficient for Node.js to drop the request to an independent library that’s dedicated to the task, where it can be distributed across hundreds or thousands of processors.
Node.js is maturing quickly and is being deployed in more and more mission-critical and revenue-critical systems, such as eCommerce Black Friday infrastructures. It’s easy to get started with Node.js, and yet Node.js is deep enough to handle modern Web complexities. If you’re building your next generation Web site — especially APIs for mobile and Web integration — or if you are creating something new that depends on underlying services itself, Node.js is a runtime system that could very well work for you.
Cheap Node.js® v15.9.0 Hosting – Dedicated Cloud Server
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|---|---|---|
| ASPHostPortal | DiscountService.biz | UKWindowsHostASP.NET |
| $1.00/month | $2.00/month | £3.00/month |
| Host 1 Site | Host 1 Site | Host 5 Sites |
| 1 GB Disk Space | 1 GB Disk Space | 1 GB Disk Space |
| 10 GB Bandwidth | 10 GB Bandwidth | 20 GB Bandwidth |
| Dedicated Application Pool | Dedicated Application Pool | Dedicated Application Pool |
| Support UTF-8 Domains | Support UTF-8 Domains | Support UTF-8 Domains |
| 30-Days Money Back | 30-Days Money Back | 30-Days Money Back |
| Latest ASP.NET | Latest ASP.NET | Latest ASP.NET |
| Plesk Control Panel | Plesk Control Panel | Plesk Control Panel |
| Windows 2008/2012 | Windows 2008/2012 | Windows 2008/2012 |
| SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 | SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 | SQL Server 2008/2012/2014 |
| Latest MySql version | Latest MySql version | Latest MySql version |
How to Choose Cheap Node.js® v15.9.0 Hosting – Dedicated Cloud Server?
Reliability and Speed of Access
Not only should the web host be reliable and fast, it should guarantee its uptime (the time when it is functional). Look for a minimum uptime of 99%. In fact, even 99% is actually too low — it really should be 99.5% or higher. The host should provide some sort of refund (eg prorated refund or discount) if it falls below that figure. Note though that guarantees are often hard to enforce from your end — especially if the host denies there was any downtime. However, without that guarantee, the web host will have little incentive to ensure that its servers are running all the time.
Data Transfer (Traffic/Bandwidth)
Data transfer (sometimes loosely referred to as “traffic” or “bandwidth”) is the amount of bytes transferred from your site to visitors when they browse your site.
Don’t believe any commercial web host that advertises “unlimited bandwidth”. The host has to pay for the bandwidth, and if you consume a lot of it, they will not silently bear your costs. Many high bandwidth websites have found this out the hard way when they suddenly receive an exorbitant bill for having “exceeded” the “unlimited bandwidth”. Always look for details on how much traffic the package allows. I personally always stay clear of any host that advertises “unlimited transfer”, even if the exact amount is specified somewhere else (sometimes buried in their policy statements). Usually you will find that they redefine “unlimited” to be limited in some way.
In addition, while bandwidth provided is something you should always check, do not be unduly swayed by promises of incredibly huge amounts of bandwidth. Chances are that your website will never be able to use that amount because it will hit other limits, namely resource limits.
To give you a rough idea of the typical traffic requirements of a website, most new sites that don’t provide video or music on their site use less than 3 GB of bandwidth per month. Your traffic requirements will grow over time, as your site becomes more well-known, so you will need to also check their policy when you exceed your data transfer limit: is there a published charge per GB over the allowed bandwidth? Is the charge made according to actual usage or are you expected to pre-pay for a potential overage? It is better not to go for hosts that expect you to prepay for overages, since it is very hard to forsee when your site will exceed its bandwidth and by how much.
Disk space
For the same reason as bandwidth, watch out also for those “unlimited disk space” schemes. Many new sites (that don’t host videos or music) need less than 20 MB of web space, so even if you are provided with a host that tempts you with 100 GB (or “unlimited space”), be aware that you are unlikely to use that space, so don’t let the 100 GB space be too big a factor in your consideration when comparing with other web hosts. The hosting company is also aware of that, which is why they feel free to offer you that as a means of enticing you to host there.
Technical support
Does its technical support function 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (often abbreviated 24/7), all year around? Note that I will not accept a host which does not have staff working on weekends or public holidays. You will be surprised at how often things go wrong at the most inconvenient of times. Incidentally, just because a host advertises that it has 24/7 support does not necessarily mean that it really has that kind of support. Test them out by emailing at midnight and on Saturday nights, Sunday mornings, etc. Check out how long they take to respond. Besides speed of responses, check to see if they are technically competent. You wouldn’t want to sign up with a host that is run by a bunch of salesmen who only know how to sell and not fix problems.
Email, Autoresponders, POP3, Mail Forwarding
If you have your own site, you will probably want to have email addresses at your own domain, like [email protected], etc. Does the host allow you to set up whatever email addresses you want on your domain, so that mail can be forwarded to your current email address, or placed into a mail box on your web hosting account itself? Can you set an email address to automatically reply to the sender with a preset message (called an autoresponder)? Can you retrieve your mail with your email software?
Control Panel
This is called various names by different hosts, but essentially, they all allow you to manage different aspects of your web account yourself. Typically, and at the very minimum, it should allow you to do things like add, delete, and manage your email addresses, and change passwords for your account. I will not sign up with a host where I have to go through their technical support each time I want to change a password or add/delete an email account. Such tasks are common maintenance chores that every webmaster performs time and time again, and it would be a great hassle if you had to wait for their technical support to make the changes for you.
Web Server and Operating System
Is the type of operating system and server important?
In general, most people will want to sign up for a web host offering a Unix-based system (like Linux, FreeBSD or OpenBSD) and running the Apache web server. Most web-based software assume your website is running on such a system, and you will usually experience fewer compatibility issues with it. There are also a lot of guides available on the Internet on configuring such systems, so finding help when you need it is easier as well.
In my opinion, the only time when you will want to use a Windows server is if you’re running Windows-specific programs, like ASP scripts. But even then, you’ll probably be better off looking for a PHP-equivalent, and using a Unix-based system.
Price
I was actually hesitant to list this, but I guess it’s futile not to. However, I would caution that while price is always a factor, you should realise (“realize” in US English) that you often get what you pay for, although it’s not necessarily true that the most expensive hosts are the best.
Monthly/Quarterly/Annual Payment Plans
Most web hosts allow you to select an annual payment plan that gives you a cheaper rate than if you were to pay monthly. My current personal preference is to pay monthly with all new web hosts until I’m assured of their reliability and honesty. Paying monthly allows me to switch web hosts quickly when I find that the current host does not meet my requirements: this way, I’m not tied down to a bad web host because I have prepaid for an entire year. I do this even if the new web host guarantees that they will refund the balance if I’m dissatisfied, since at the point I sign up, I have no assurance that they will honour their guarantee. Later (usually after a couple of years), when I’m satisfied with the host, I may change payment plans to the discounted annual plans.
Resellers?
Not all hosting companies own or lease their own web servers. Some of them are actually resellers for some other hosting company. The disadvantage of using a reseller is the possibility that you are dealing with people who don’t know much about the system they are selling and who take longer to help you (they have to transmit your technical support request to the actual hosting company for it to be acted upon). However, this also depends on both the reseller and the underlying hosting company. It is thus wise not to rule out all resellers; there are a number of reliable and fast ones who are actually quite good and cheap. In fact, a number of resellers sell the same packages cheaper than their original hosting company. If you find out that a particular company is a reseller, you will need to investigate both the reseller and the real hosting company.
International
If you don’t stay in the USA, you have the option of hosting your site with some local provider. The advantage here is the ease of dealing with them (they are after all easily accessible by phone call or a visit), your familiarity with the local laws and easy recourse to those laws should it be necessary. It should be your choice if your target audience is local (eg a local fast food delivery service). On the other hand, hosting it in USA has the advantage of faster access for what is probably the largest number of your overseas visitors (particularly if you have an English-speaking audience). You also have a large number of hosting companies to choose from, and as a result, cheaper prices too.
How to Set Up a WordPress Error Log
From conflicts between WordPress plugins to poorly coded themes and mistakes in custom coding, several problems sound the alarm with website error codes and warnings. Even if you’re not sure what the warnings mean, you must fix them. The first step is learning how to set up a WordPress error log.
As a short explanation, a WordPress error log is exactly what it sounds like: a list of error codes and times that occur on your website.
In this post, we’ll show you how to set up and work with WordPress error logs using the built-in WordPress debug mode.
How to set up a WordPress error log
As is often the case with WordPress, you have two routes to enable error logging with WordPress debug mode:
- Manually
- With a plugin
We’ll start by showing you the manual method, which just involves adding a few code snippets to your site’s wp-config.php file.
Then, if you want an even simpler option for error logging, we’ll share a free plugin that can get the job done.
Here’s how to do it manually…
Step 1: Access and edit the wp-config.php file
If you’re not familiar with your wp-config.php file, it’s one of the core files for holding important configuration details, like the credentials for your site’s database.
To access the wp-config.php file, either download and use an FTP client or a file manager tool in your host’s cPanel.
For this tutorial, we’ll cover the steps to access and edit your wp-config.php file with an FTP client.
In your FTP client, locate the wp-config.php file. This is normally in the root site directory.
Upon finding the file, right-click on it and select to edit or view the file. You’ll want to open the file in a text editor.
Step 2: Add a line of code in the wp-config.php file to turn on debug mode
Inside your text editor, search for a line of text that reads Stop editing! Happy blogging.
Place your cursor on the empty line above that line of text.
Paste in the following code:
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );If you already notice this line of code in the file, it may currently be set to false. If that’s the case, switch it to true.
Afterward, save the file to your computer and upload the wp-config.php file as an update to your website. This is done through the FTP client.
Great! Now debugging mode is activated for your WordPress site.
Step 3: But wait! I don’t want the errors to show on the frontend of my website
If you took a moment to check your dashboard or the frontend of your site, you may have already seen WordPress errors listed for everyone to see. This may not seem like a big deal if they show up on the WordPress dashboard, but you definitely don’t want the warnings on the frontend.
Not only is publicly displaying errors confusing for your visitors, but it can also be a security risk because it gives them detailed information about your site.
In short, debugging mode is messy when activated by itself.
Therefore, we need to log the errors in WordPress so they are recorded but not publicly displayed.
To log your errors, go back to that exact same wp-config.php file in the text editor.
Look at the debug code you recently pasted into the file. Paste the following new code on the empty line below the debug code:
// Enable Debug logging to the /wp-content/debug.log file
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true );
// Disable display of errors and warnings
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', false );
@ini_set( 'display_errors', 0 );Again, in some situations you might discover that the debug log code is already included. For that, simply make sure that the false at the end of the code is changed to true.
The first line tells WordPress to save error messages to a file called debug.log. The second snippet tells WordPress not to publicly display error messages.
Now, your error messages will be safely saved in the log file, but neither you nor your visitors will have to see error messages while browsing your site.
For a second time, save the wp-config.php file in your file editor and upload it back to your WordPress website.
How to use a WordPress error log plugin
If you don’t feel comfortable working directly with your site’s configuration file, you can also use the free WP Debugging plugin.
As soon as you activate the plugin, it instantly activates WordPress debug mode and enables error logging. It also lets you control whether or not to display debug messages on your site by visiting Tools -> WP Debugging.
Checking your WordPress error logs
We’re assuming you already know the website pages that are alerting you of errors.
You must visit these pages now that the debugging log is configured and ready to store the errors.
Reconnect to your website files using the FTP client. You can also connect via your host’s cPanel.
Go to the /wp-content/ folder.
Open that folder and look for a file called debug.log.
This is the file you created from the previous steps.
What should I do with this debug log file?
The debug.log file is accessible by editing, viewing, or downloading the file. It’s similar to the previous steps, where you might either just preview the file to look at it or open it in a file editor to make changes and save it for later.
Overall, a debug log file is for reference, not for editing. Therefore, you have to sift through the list of errors and warnings to identify what’s wrong with your site, theme, plugins, or code.
For most people, the error log codes mean nothing. If anything, it’s closer to gibberish than English. However, you don’t want to forget about those errors.
Your resolution steps should go like this:
- You identify an error with the debug log.
- You find the error code.
- You look up what that error code means.
- You utilize a separate guide to fix that error.
Why is Magento The Best for Ecommerce Sites? Magento 2.4.2 Hosting Recommendation
Why is Magento The Best for Ecommerce Sites? Magento 2.4.2 Hosting Recommendation. In this article, we will discuss why is Magento the best for e-commerce sites and who is Magento 2.4.2 hosting recommendation.
Why is Magento The Best for Ecommerce Sites?
One company’s experience with Magento is likely to be totally different than another’s because Magento is really what you make it. A team of highly skilled designers and web developers can make Magento into the Cadillac (or Maserati) of websites, but a poorly done ‘botched theme-job’ could leave you struggling with a site that looks like rubbish.
To get the most out of Magento you’ll want to engage with a company that is serious about SEO and Conversion Rate Optimization. To start you’ll want a site that has a place to update content regularly or that integrates with an outside blogging platform for regular content updates. You’ll want that blog to live at YourStore.com/blog and look very similar to the rest of your site however you do it, rather than blog.YourStore.com and looking like a totally different site. This ensures your blog content not only attracts potential customers but facilitates them around the site as seamlessly as possible without giving them a jarring effect.
“Everyone uses it”
Yes, we know that this argument may lead to false conclusions. It well may be that something is agreed on by the majority while it is not necessarily the best option.
But now we are talking about ecommerce and business results.
Magento is the second most popular ecommerce platform: it has a market share of 17%, among the Top 100k sites (Magento CE and Magento Enterprise combined, July 2017).
Professional technological support and huge knowledge base
The IT developers of Magento eCommerce, thanks to the help of volunteers, have been able to create a platform that truly serves the unique needs of users.
The flexibility and openness of the system is basically the result of this philosophy. A couple of years ago Magento was acquired by eBay.
This did not come as a disadvantage: it stayed to be an open source platform, while it also enjoyed the massive amount of expertise of the huge ecommerce company.
Magento Commerce then got independent of eBay, but its extremely strong and loyal developer community, which had evolved well before its acquisition by eBay, is still passionately working on its development.
Huge array of product information
It is no surprise that Magento is so popular: it is the most widely used ecommerce platform (according to 2015 statistics) in the world with a nearly 30% market share. Serving such a big chunk of the market successfully would be impossible without a massive amount of flexibility.
You can define basically any product feature you like.
You can set and manage the attributes without compromise in the admin panel. Basically, you can adjust the entire system to your products.
The discount system is equally flexible. For instance, you can give a discount (e.g. a percentage of the price or free shipping) to a particular shopper if he or she puts two products from the same category into the shopping cart. You can define a whole bunch of combinations, you have loads of opportunities to do whatever you like.
Impressive, responsive design
Needless to say that you can tailor the look of your Magento store according to your expectations. It simply could not be any other way, since a standard template would not add very much to your brand value.
It is not a problem if you are not an expert in web design, for Magento offers thousands of freely customizable templates. Installation, however, is recommended to be performed by a specialist.
Responsive design is even more important. There are many solutions on the market that have “forgotten” to adapt to the most recent market needs. Since 2014, more and more people use the internet on their tablets and smartphones, and an increasing proportion of purchases are done on mobile devices.
An online store can compete in such an environment successfully if it has a responsive layout, which means that it offers an interface to its shoppers, which is easy to handle on all platforms from tablets and smartphones to PCs and netbooks.
Supports SEO
Magento features a range of default options to create an SEO-friendly website. You can generate SEO-friendly URLs and sitemaps (e.g. yourdomainname.com/productname), can define the meta data and so on. Searches within your e-store is also crucial, which is also a major strength of Magento.
Customers make multiple, narrow-down searches, which is good for user experience, but less beneficial for SEO because this makes the system generate new product lists or new pages after the searches have been made, but can be regarded as duplicate content by Google.
This drawback can be handled by custom development. The developers of Magento have always kept in mind that Magento websites should be easily found and stay strong in terms of SEO.
Magento is secure
Safety is not an option, it is a must in an environment where hackers try to crack databases every minute. We hear news almost every day mentioning data breaches, so in case of an ecommerce store it is essential to have a hack-proof system.
Luckily, Magento is always tested by a vast number of developers.
The whole system is constantly watched by experts (e.g. ethical hackers) searching for defects and eliminating vulnerability by uploading patches.
But don’t worry, you don’t have to hunt down updates all the time. Magento always calls your attention when an update is available so you will know about fresh developments right away. (You had better ask an expert to carry out the update process, especially when you already have some custom developments in your store.)
All in all, the system is not perfect. No system is. But with Magento it is just amazing how fast its dedicated community can reveal the errors and after making the safety updates, you can avoid any future problems before they can kick in.
Data!
Even if you only have a little experience in online marketing, you very likely know that this business is based on data.
No matter what kind of a website you run, if you want to earn money with it, you need to build databases and after examining them, draw the appropriate conclusions.
You have to know how many visitors you have, how they find you, how much time they spend on your pages etc.
There are a lot of factors you should keep an eye on so that you can optimize your website according to user behaviour and preferences.
You can integrate one of the most useful data collection systems, Google Universal Analytics, into your Magento website.
An even better solution can be implementing Enhanced Ecommerce, specially developed for ecommerce systems. Applying this extension for Analytics needs some programming, but it provides much more detailed data.
Thus you can collect a huge amount of useful data about your shoppers, such as what they like or how they behave when browsing in your store. You also have to watch and control the system. You should know how your website performs, how it works, what may cause failures.
Thanks to the tools of Magento support, you will receive comprehensive reports from which experts can easily find the reasons for malfunctioning.
If you have the possibility, it is worth to request an automated testing system service from your developer partner, which may raise problem solving to a whole new level.
Complete ecommerce toolkit
- Shopping Cart: Magento can comfortably lead the customers through the whole shopping process. It can be either used by registered users or guests and can also offer multiple payment options.
- User Account: Shoppers can quickly access their purchase history, check their orders or save products that they want to buy later. In addition, they can store information so that next time they can check out faster. Such information can be delivery address or invoicing address which the users can switch with only one click if they wish to.
- Management: You can manage transactions in the admin panel, start and complete the shipping process or resolve complaints. A top list can be downloaded about the most searched products (exact terms of what your customers typed in the search field), about the most popular products, or you can see if a particular shopper put some items in his or her shopping cart, but did not order them.
- Product Management: You can import and export thousands of products and modify their attributes at the same time, you can upload images, set custom pricing conditions, and determine what to show and how to show them in your “shop window”.
- Marketing: You can run promotions, create unique sales deals, offer free shipping or other special bargains. You also have opportunities for up-selling and cross-selling, you can preset opinions about or comparisons between products, display lists of recently viewed items, and also make it possible for shoppers to share your product pages easily and quickly with each other on social networking sites.
- Multiple websites: Magento is capable of handling more, an almost unlimited number (!) of websites simultaneously. You can run multiple iterations at the same time with only one user account so managing all these is much simpler. What does it mean more precisely? Say, you have a central online store with a dozen brands. You also have separate e-stores for each brand, all independent from the main website, where you can define different prices and discount offers―and you can manage all this in one single admin area.
Better than anyone – you know what the needs you have for your eCommerce store are – it would be wise to get a master list of these and determine which eCommerce platform lives up to your list before going to a web development shop. If you try to work with a web development company too early, you might find yourself being advised towards a particular solution that doesn’t actually fulfill everything your company needs, because it is what that web development shop is best at.
No web development shop can be the experts in every Content Management System – and it’s actually best if you find a company that is actually specialized in the particular CMS you have a need for. So to recap – these 3 key steps should be taken before you choose an agency:
- Write out a list of needs of your eCommerce platform to facilitate your online sales goals – both absolutely needs and non-negotiables.
- Do research on which CMS’s are the best possible solution for your specific needs and which would be most effective as accomplishing the job for the money.
- Search out and find agencies that have clear examples of using this technology in their portfolio – and contact the top 3-5 to start conversations. Narrow them down as soon as you are able and create a serious discussion where you can determine if you can get what you need done for you budget and if the companies can work together from a ‘cultural-fit’ perspective.
What’s New in Magento 2.4.2?
Magento Open Source 2.4.2 introduces enhancements to performance and security plus significant platform improvements. Security enhancements include expansion of support for the SameSite attribute for all cookies. Elasticsearch 7.9.x and Redis 6.x are now supported.
This release includes over 280 new fixes to core code and 35 security enhancements. It includes the resolution of almost 290 GitHub issues by our community members. These community contributions range from minor clean-up of core code to significant enhancements in GraphQL.
All known issues identified in Magento 2.4.1 have been fixed in this release.
Security-only patch available
Merchants can now install time-sensitive security fixes without applying the hundreds of functional fixes and enhancements that a full quarterly release provides (for example, Magento 2.4.1-p1). Patch 2.4.0.12 (Composer package 2.4.1-p1) is a security-only patch that provides fixes for vulnerabilities that have been identified in our previous quarterly release, Magento 2.4.1. All hot fixes that were applied to the 2.4.1 release are included in this security-only patch. (A hot fix provides a fix to a released version of Magento that addresses a specific problem or bug.)
For general information about security-only patches, see the Magento DevBlog post Introducing the New Security-only Patch Release. For instructions on downloading and applying security-only patches (including patch 2.4.1-p1), see Install Magento using Composer. Security-only patches include security bug fixes only, not the additional security enhancements that are included in the full patch.
Other release information
Although code for these features is bundled with quarterly releases of the Magento core code, several of these projects (for example, Progressive Web Applications (PWA) Studio) are also released independently. Bug fixes for these projects are documented in the separate, project-specific release information that is available in the documentation for each project.
Highlights
Look for the following highlights in this release.
Substantial security enhancements
This release includes over 35 security fixes and platform security improvements. All security fixes have been backported to Magento 2.4.1-p1 and Magento 2.3.6-p1.
Over 35 security enhancements that help close remote code execution (RCE) and cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities
No confirmed attacks related to these issues have occurred to date. However, certain vulnerabilities can potentially be exploited to access customer information or take over administrator sessions. Most of these issues require that an attacker first obtains access to the Admin. As a result, we remind you to take all necessary steps to protect your Admin, including but not limited to these efforts: IP allowlisting, two-factor authentication, use of a VPN, the use of a unique location rather than /admin, and good password hygiene. See Adobe Security Bulletin for a discussion of these fixed issues.
Additional security enhancements
Security improvements for this release include:
- All core cookies now support the
SameSiteattribute. - Magento now displays messages that identify potentially malicious content in product and category description fields when the user tries to save values in these fields.
- File system operations across Magento components have been standardized and hardened to prevent malicious uploads.
- Core Content Security Policy (CSP) violations have been fixed.
Infrastructure improvements
This release contains enhancements to core quality, which improve the quality of the Framework and these functional areas: Customer Account, Catalog, CMS, OMS, Import/Export, Promotions and Targeting, and Cart and Checkout.
Platform enhancements
- Elasticsearch 7.9.x is now supported. Although we recommend running Elasticsearch 7.9.x, Magento 2.4.x remains compatible with Elasticsearch 7.4.x.
- Magento 2.4.2 has been tested with Varnish 6.4. Magento 2.4.x remains compatible with Varnish 6.x.
- Redis 6.x is now supported. Magento 2.4.x remains compatible with Redis 5.x.
- Magento 2.4.2 is now compatible with Composer 2.x. We recommend that merchants migrate to Composer 2.x. Although you can install this release using Composer 1.x, Composer 1.x will soon reach end-of-life. For an overview of Composer 2.x features, see Composer 2.0 is now available!
The ability to configure a Magento installation to use a split database has been deprecated in this release. Merchants who currently use split database should start planning to revert to or migrate to a single database or use an alternative approach. See the Deprecation of split database functionality in Magento Commerce DevBlog post for an overview of this issue. See Revert from a split database to a single database for migration instructions.
Performance enhancements
This release includes code enhancements that boost API performance and Admin response time for deployments with large catalogs. Multiple scalability enhancements enable Magento 2.4.2 to natively support complex catalogs up to 20x larger than in previous releases.
Adobe Stock Integration
This release includes Adobe Stock Integration v2.1.1.
GraphQL
This release adds GraphQL coverage for the following features:
- Added support for comparison lists. Shoppers can create and delete comparison lists, and add and remove items to the comparison lists. In addition, shoppers that create a compare list as a guest can log in as a customer and retain their comparison lists.
- Added the
generateCustomerTokenAsAdminmutation and updated theCustomerobject to support remote purchasing assistance. - Added localization support across stores to support tasks such as changing languages, carts, and currencies.
- Added support for unions in Magento GraphQL. GitHub-29425
- The GraphQL schema has been enhanced to optimize product data retrieval for configurable products with many variants.
- Integer type object IDs have been deprecated in favor of
uidattributes of type ID. - Added the
stagingattribute to theProductInterfaceandCategoryInterfaceto determine if a product is staged and to view its associated campaign information.
See the GraphQL Developer Guide for details on these enhancements.
PWA Studio
This release of PWA Studio includes:
- Internationalization and localization. Venia now provides support for multiple languages and currencies.
- Improved extensibility framework to support code changes through extensions.
- Initial components for My Account related features such as Wishlist, Saved Payments, Address Book, and Order History.
- Various performance optimizations and bug fixes.
For information about enhancements and bug fixes, see PWA Studio releases. See Magento compatibility for a list of PWA Studio versions and their compatible Magento core versions.
Media Gallery
New Role Resources for Media Gallery. This release provides merchants the ability to limit administrator access to only the Media gallery and to control who can perform these actions:
- Insert media assets into content
- Upload assets
- Edit assets details
- Delete assets from the Media Gallery
- Manage folder structure.
Web-optimized images in content. Merchants can now use web-optimized image rendition in content instead of high resolution images. The original image remains unmodified in the Media Gallery, and the image rendition is dynamically generated when the image is inserted in the content.
Magento Functional Testing Framework (MFTF)
MFTF 3.2.1 is now available. This release introduces error tolerance in both tests and test suite generation. Additional enhancements and bug fixes are described in the Magento Functional Testing Framework Changelog.
Vendor Developed Extensions
See the following articles for updates on features and changes for this release:
- Amazon Pay
- Braintree
- dotdigital Engagement Cloud
- Klarna
- Vertex Cloud
- Yotpo Product Reviews
AWS S3 support enhancements
Amazon Simple Storage Service (AWS S3) support has been enhanced to include support for:
- Object storage and future extensibility
- Storing media files on AWS S3
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Cheap Drupal 9.1.4 Hosting Provider Recommendation
Drupal is a free community supported framework for creating, organizing, presenting and managing a website. It powers millions of websites and applications from all over the world. Drupal makes it easy for contributors to publish to websites and easy for developers to deploy new sites as well as add features to existing ones. Most commonly referred to as a content management system, or CMS, Drupal has much more to offer. Drupal installations include a set of modules called Core Components, which provide features such as user management, menu systems, and user contributed content.
The Drupal open source community (one of the largest in the world) contributes and supports thousands of free flexible and robust modules and themes, which can be easily integrated into websites to offer powerful features such as multimedia, calendars, rating systems, and other social media tools. Drupal is also an application framework that can be used to build other aps. Drupal requires no programming skills yet the HTML code produced is accessible, cross browser compatible, and search engine friendly. Drupal is used for every type of site from personal blogs to highly trafficked enterprise level sites. 2% of all websites worldwide are built in Drupal including whitehouse.gov and many other high profile, highly visited sites.
What is Drupal Used for?
Drupal is a great choice for building all manner of websites from simple 1 page personal websites to enterprise level applications. It is particularly well suited to e-Learning systems, Community/social networking sites, and news publishing, where its powerful authoring and publishing features allow administrators to create, revise, and deploy content in a rapid and organized manner. User management, site reporting and statistics, ad management, community management, and other administrative functions utilize an intuitive and robust back-end user interface.
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How to Choose Cheap Drupal 9.1.4 Hosting Provider Recommendation?
Reliability and Speed of Access
Not only should the web host be reliable and fast, it should guarantee its uptime (the time when it is functional). Look for a minimum uptime of 99%. In fact, even 99% is actually too low — it really should be 99.5% or higher. The host should provide some sort of refund (eg prorated refund or discount) if it falls below that figure. Note though that guarantees are often hard to enforce from your end — especially if the host denies there was any downtime. However, without that guarantee, the web host will have little incentive to ensure that its servers are running all the time.
Data Transfer (Traffic/Bandwidth)
Data transfer (sometimes loosely referred to as “traffic” or “bandwidth”) is the amount of bytes transferred from your site to visitors when they browse your site.
Don’t believe any commercial web host that advertises “unlimited bandwidth”. The host has to pay for the bandwidth, and if you consume a lot of it, they will not silently bear your costs. Many high bandwidth websites have found this out the hard way when they suddenly receive an exorbitant bill for having “exceeded” the “unlimited bandwidth”. Always look for details on how much traffic the package allows. I personally always stay clear of any host that advertises “unlimited transfer”, even if the exact amount is specified somewhere else (sometimes buried in their policy statements). Usually you will find that they redefine “unlimited” to be limited in some way.
In addition, while bandwidth provided is something you should always check, do not be unduly swayed by promises of incredibly huge amounts of bandwidth. Chances are that your website will never be able to use that amount because it will hit other limits, namely resource limits.
To give you a rough idea of the typical traffic requirements of a website, most new sites that don’t provide video or music on their site use less than 3 GB of bandwidth per month. Your traffic requirements will grow over time, as your site becomes more well-known, so you will need to also check their policy when you exceed your data transfer limit: is there a published charge per GB over the allowed bandwidth? Is the charge made according to actual usage or are you expected to pre-pay for a potential overage? It is better not to go for hosts that expect you to prepay for overages, since it is very hard to forsee when your site will exceed its bandwidth and by how much.
Disk space
For the same reason as bandwidth, watch out also for those “unlimited disk space” schemes. Many new sites (that don’t host videos or music) need less than 20 MB of web space, so even if you are provided with a host that tempts you with 100 GB (or “unlimited space”), be aware that you are unlikely to use that space, so don’t let the 100 GB space be too big a factor in your consideration when comparing with other web hosts. The hosting company is also aware of that, which is why they feel free to offer you that as a means of enticing you to host there.
Technical support
Does its technical support function 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (often abbreviated 24/7), all year around? Note that I will not accept a host which does not have staff working on weekends or public holidays. You will be surprised at how often things go wrong at the most inconvenient of times. Incidentally, just because a host advertises that it has 24/7 support does not necessarily mean that it really has that kind of support. Test them out by emailing at midnight and on Saturday nights, Sunday mornings, etc. Check out how long they take to respond. Besides speed of responses, check to see if they are technically competent. You wouldn’t want to sign up with a host that is run by a bunch of salesmen who only know how to sell and not fix problems.
Email, Autoresponders, POP3, Mail Forwarding
If you have your own site, you will probably want to have email addresses at your own domain, like [email protected], etc. Does the host allow you to set up whatever email addresses you want on your domain, so that mail can be forwarded to your current email address, or placed into a mail box on your web hosting account itself? Can you set an email address to automatically reply to the sender with a preset message (called an autoresponder)? Can you retrieve your mail with your email software?
Control Panel
This is called various names by different hosts, but essentially, they all allow you to manage different aspects of your web account yourself. Typically, and at the very minimum, it should allow you to do things like add, delete, and manage your email addresses, and change passwords for your account. I will not sign up with a host where I have to go through their technical support each time I want to change a password or add/delete an email account. Such tasks are common maintenance chores that every webmaster performs time and time again, and it would be a great hassle if you had to wait for their technical support to make the changes for you.
Web Server and Operating System
Is the type of operating system and server important?
In general, most people will want to sign up for a web host offering a Unix-based system (like Linux, FreeBSD or OpenBSD) and running the Apache web server. Most web-based software assume your website is running on such a system, and you will usually experience fewer compatibility issues with it. There are also a lot of guides available on the Internet on configuring such systems, so finding help when you need it is easier as well.
In my opinion, the only time when you will want to use a Windows server is if you’re running Windows-specific programs, like ASP scripts. But even then, you’ll probably be better off looking for a PHP-equivalent, and using a Unix-based system.
Price
I was actually hesitant to list this, but I guess it’s futile not to. However, I would caution that while price is always a factor, you should realise (“realize” in US English) that you often get what you pay for, although it’s not necessarily true that the most expensive hosts are the best.
Monthly/Quarterly/Annual Payment Plans
Most web hosts allow you to select an annual payment plan that gives you a cheaper rate than if you were to pay monthly. My current personal preference is to pay monthly with all new web hosts until I’m assured of their reliability and honesty. Paying monthly allows me to switch web hosts quickly when I find that the current host does not meet my requirements: this way, I’m not tied down to a bad web host because I have prepaid for an entire year. I do this even if the new web host guarantees that they will refund the balance if I’m dissatisfied, since at the point I sign up, I have no assurance that they will honour their guarantee. Later (usually after a couple of years), when I’m satisfied with the host, I may change payment plans to the discounted annual plans.
Resellers?
Not all hosting companies own or lease their own web servers. Some of them are actually resellers for some other hosting company. The disadvantage of using a reseller is the possibility that you are dealing with people who don’t know much about the system they are selling and who take longer to help you (they have to transmit your technical support request to the actual hosting company for it to be acted upon). However, this also depends on both the reseller and the underlying hosting company. It is thus wise not to rule out all resellers; there are a number of reliable and fast ones who are actually quite good and cheap. In fact, a number of resellers sell the same packages cheaper than their original hosting company. If you find out that a particular company is a reseller, you will need to investigate both the reseller and the real hosting company.
International
If you don’t stay in the USA, you have the option of hosting your site with some local provider. The advantage here is the ease of dealing with them (they are after all easily accessible by phone call or a visit), your familiarity with the local laws and easy recourse to those laws should it be necessary. It should be your choice if your target audience is local (eg a local fast food delivery service). On the other hand, hosting it in USA has the advantage of faster access for what is probably the largest number of your overseas visitors (particularly if you have an English-speaking audience). You also have a large number of hosting companies to choose from, and as a result, cheaper prices too.
How to Convert HTML to WordPress
The road from sites built with pure HTML to WordPress was not a short one. From an all-text experience, web design has moved on to a highly interactive web presence. In addition to that, we no longer have to write markup ourselves but can let content management systems do the heavy lifting.
However, that doesn’t mean that static HTML websites don’t exist anymore. In fact, HTML5, the latest iteration of the markup language, is very powerful and allows you to build quality websites without a CMS behind them.
Yet, the growing market share of WordPress shows that more and more people are switching to the platform.
For some of them, it means moving from static HTML to WordPress. This can be a daunting task, but this post will attempt to explain how to do it in a few simple ways.
Below, we will show you several ways how to convert from HTML to WordPress. First, you will learn what the different options are as well as their pros and cons. After that, we will show you how to execute each of them step by step.
Let’s get going.
The 3 Ways to Move from Static HTML to WordPress
To move from HTML to WordPress, you need to turn your HTML design into a WordPress theme. A theme controls the look and the feeling of a WordPress website, while the functionality is provided by the CMS itself as well as additional plugins.
To make the switch, you have several options. Which one is the right for you depends on factors like the time and money you are able and willing to invest, your coding skills, and personal preferences. The following are the main options.
A) Manually Convert HTML to a WordPress Theme
The first option is also the most technical. If you go this route, you will take your existing code and use it as a starting point to create the WordPress theme files.
It’s not too complicated, especially if you have coding experience. You can pull it off with a bit of HTML, CSS, and some PHP knowledge. A lot of it is copy and paste.
The downside: while you will end up with a working WordPress theme, it won’t have all of the capabilities WordPress has to offer. For example, unless you build it in after the fact, your site will be without widget areas or the ability to change your menu from the WordPress backend.
While your site will do its job, you won’t be able to manage it completely via WordPress. For that reason, we personally prefer the next option.
B) HTML to WordPress via WordPress Child Theme
In our opinion, this is probably the easiest and most reasonable road in terms of effort and monetary investment. Instead of using your existing site as the jumping-off point, you use a ready-made WordPress theme instead. You then adjust only its design so that it resembles your old website.
Doing so lets you take advantage of WordPress fully while still retaining your old site’s look. You also won’t have to add WordPress features afterward. Instead, you can build on an existing theme – something that the WordPress platform is explicitly made for.
C) Import Content from HTML to WordPress Using Plugin
Obviously, if you don’t insist on using your current design and are open to changing it, things get even easier. In that case, all you need to do is set up a site, install the theme, and import your HTML content. As you will see below, this is a very quick and painless process.
A) How to Manually Convert HTML to a WordPress Theme
If your goal is to start from scratch and create your own WordPress theme that resembles your existing HTML website, start from here.
Don’t worry if it sounds intimidating, you’ll see that it is anything but. Just a few files and folders, as well as some copy and paste, is all it takes.
1. Create a Theme Folder and Basic Files
The first thing you need to do is create a new theme folder. You can do that on your desktop as you would for a directory on your computer. Name it whatever you want your theme to be called.
After that, go to the code editor and create a number of text files. Name them the following:
style.cssindex.phpheader.phpsidebar.phpfooter.php
Don’t do anything with them yet, keep the files open in the editor. You will need them soon.
2. Copy Existing CSS to the WordPress Style Sheet
Now it’s time to prepare the WordPress style sheet (the filestyle.css you just created) to copy your old site’s CSS into it. For that, open the file and paste the following:
This is the so-called style sheet header (Important: don’t leave the comment/*...*/ tags out!). Fill in each part like this:
- Theme Name — Here goes the name of your theme. It can be anything you want but it’s usually the same as the name of your theme folder.
- Theme URI — You would usually post the theme’s homepage here but you may use your own site address.
- Author — That’s you. Put your own name here or whatever you want to be called.
- Author URI — A link to your homepage. It can be the one you are building or whatever makes sense.
- Description — An optional description of your theme. This will show up in the WordPress backend.
- Version — The version of your theme. Since you are not publishing it, it doesn’t really matter. We usually put 1.0 here.
- License, License URI, Tags — These things are only important if you are planning to submit your theme to the WordPress theme directory. You can leave them out in this case, we just included them for the sake of completion.
After the header, copy and paste the existing CSS from your static HTML website. Then, save the file in your new theme folder and close it. Time to move to the rest.
3. Separate Your Existing HTML
For the next part, you need to understand that WordPress usually uses PHP to pull information from its database. For that reason, you need to chop up your existing HTML into different pieces so that the CMS can put them together properly.
While this sounds complicated, all it means is that you copy and paste parts of your HTML document into several PHP files. To demonstrate this better, we have put together a simple example page that you can see below.
As you can see it’s very much a standard HTML template that includes a header, content area, a sidebar, and a footer. The accompanying code is this:
If your design is different, you might have to somewhat adjust the steps below. However, the overall process stays the same.
First, open your current index.html (your HTML site’s main file). After that, go through your newly created WordPress files and copy the following into them (the examples below are my markup):
header.php
Everything from the beginning of your HTML file to the main content area (usually signified with <main> or <div class="main">) goes into this file. In addition to that, right before where it says,</head> copy and paste <?php wp_head();?>. This is crucial for many WordPress plugins to work properly.
sidebar.php
Everything belonging to the section<aside> goes into this WordPress file.
footer.php
Now, all that’s left from the end of the sidebar to the end of the file should be the footer information, which goes here. After that, add a call for <?php wp_footer();?> just before the closing bracket</body> for the same reason as you added wp_head in the header.
After that, you are done with index.html and can close it. Save all other files to your theme folder and close them except for header.php and index.php. You have some more work to do with them.
4. “WordPressify” Header.php and Index.php
For the header, all that’s left is to change the call for the style sheet from HTML to WordPress format. To do so, look for an existing link in the <head> section. It might look something like this:
Replace it with this:
Cool, now you can save and close header.php. Then turn to index.php. It should be empty at the moment. So, first, copy and paste these lines of code:
These are the calls for the other files that contain the rest of your site. You might notice the space between the call for the header and the sidebar. That’s where you will add The Loop.
The latter is the part of WordPress where the CMS outputs content created in the backend. It’s crucial if you want to have WordPress adding content dynamically to your pages which you will import later. To that end, paste this here right after <?php get_header(); ?>:
Now, save index.php file and close it. Well done! Your basic theme is ready. Now you can add it to your new WordPress site.
5. Create a Screenshot and Upload Theme
Now you will add a theme screenshot that, together with the information from your style sheet header, will serve as a preview of your website in the WordPress backend.
To do that, open your existing site in a browser and take a screenshot with your preferred method. After that, open the image editing software of your choice and crop it to 880×660 pixels. Save it as screenshot.png and add it to your theme folder. Now you are ready to upload your theme.
To get the new theme onto your WordPress site, you have several options. However, the prerequisite is that all files reside inside your theme folder.
The first option is to create a zip file out of it. After that, go to your WordPress site and then to Appearance > Themes. Here, click Add New at the top and then Upload Theme.
In the upcoming menu use the button to browse to the location of your zip file. Mark it and click Open, then Install Now. When it’s done, activate the theme.
Alternatively, you can connect to your server via FTP (or just go to the local directory on your hard drive) and navigate to wp-content/themes. Then, upload your (unzipped) theme folder there. After that, activate the theme from the same place as before.
Nice! Your new site’s front end should now look like your old site. All that’s left to complete the move from HTML to WordPress is to import your existing content. We will cover this further below when talking about using an existing WordPress theme.
Be aware, however, that while the basic theme works now, there are more things you can do to integrate your HTML better with WordPress. This includes making your blog title and description editable, adding widget areas, comments, and much more. You might also have to add CSS markup because the content is not part of your original design like images.
As it is a lot of work, we personally like to use a solution that already has all that functionality and only needs a design change. That’s what we will show you next.
B) HTML to WordPress via WordPress Child Theme
If the above seems too intense for you, the next method might be more manageable. It allows you to take advantage of thousands of existing WordPress themes while still retaining your original design.
That’s by using a so-called child theme. These themes are built on top of another theme (the parent) that don’t stand on their own but merely modify the parent theme to fit your needs. Easy enough to do though it takes a bit of detective work.
1. Pick a Suitable Theme
The first step is to pick a suitable theme to base your design on. For that, it helps to find a theme that is close to your existing design or use a theme framework or a starter theme, which both are made to work as a base for custom themes.
Check the WordPress theme directory, our list of awesome themes, or look into premium themes to find a suitable candidate. After some searching, we decided that the Twenty Twelve theme would make a good starting point for my move from HTML to WordPress. Usually, we would pick something more up to date, but it goes well with the simple design we’re working with.
Once you have taken your pick, install the theme on your WordPress website like you would install any theme. No need to activate it. As mentioned, it’s just there to provide a base for you to work with. The rest happens in the child theme.
2. Create a New Folder
Similar to the earlier method, for the child theme, you need to create a theme folder. Here’s where you will put all the files belonging to it.
When creating child themes, it’s common to call the folder the same name as the parent theme plus -child. So, since our child theme is based on the Twenty Twelve theme, we call its directory twentytwelve-child.
Whatever name you choose, just be sure not to include any spaces as it won’t work that way.
3. Set Up the Style Sheet
The child theme also needs a style sheet. This one will work almost the same as the style sheet created above. However, it has a slightly different header and will contain less code.
We will get to the second part later. For now, create the usual style.css and place it in the theme folder. Then, add the following:
As you can see, it’s very similar to the style sheet header you used before with one exception: it contains the Template tag.
In that section, you should put the name of the theme that will function as the parent. Without it, the child theme won’t work. To avoid this, input the folder name of the parent. So, for Twenty Twelve, that would be Template: twentytwelve.
4. Create Functions.php and Inherit Parent Styles
With just the style sheet and the folder, it’s already possible to activate the child theme. However, that wouldn’t do much good since right now your site would look like an HTML page without any styling.
To change that, you first need to inherit the parent’s styles and for that, you need functions.php. This file is an important part of any WordPress installation and allows you to make sweeping changes to your website.
However, in this case, you will only use it to call the parent’s styling. For that, create a new file and call it functions.php. The first thing you will add at the very beginning is this:
With an opening PHP tag, the file is theoretically ready but it doesn’t do anything yet. So, additionally, you will have to input this:
This piece of code tells WordPress to go to the template directory (aka parent theme) and use the styles included there. It also makes it possible to modify the theme via your child theme (more on that later).
5. Activate the Child Theme
At this point, the child theme is ready to be activated.
You can add a screenshot to it as in the instructions above if you want. Aside from that, you can either zip it up and add it to WordPress via Appearance > Themes > Add New > Upload Theme or by simply adding the folder as is to wp-content/themes.
In both cases, when you activate the theme, your site should now look exactly like its parent.
6. Adjust the Design
Here’s where the aforementioned detective work begins. It’s now time to change the design of the existing theme so that it resembles your original HTML site.
For example, one of the first things that stand out is that our WordPress theme adds space above the header and below the footer that our HTML site doesn’t have.
To remedy this, we can look at the HTML site with our browser developer tools to find the markup responsible. When we do so, we encounter this:
Then, we do the same with my new WordPress theme where we find these styles:
My objective is now to apply the styling from the HTML site to the WordPress theme. In this case, we can achieve this simply by adding the following to my child theme’s style.css:
After saving, the WordPress theme has the new styles applied to it:
That’s because anything you add to the child theme’s style sheet overrides the styles in its parent. However, the rest of the markup stays intact, so you are only able to change the things that are relevant.
Plus, if you are using an HTML5 template as a starter and a modern WordPress theme as your parent, a lot of the basic markup will correspond, making your life much easier.
Once you are done adjusting the design, it’s time to import your content. Let’s get to that now.
C) Import Content from HTML to WordPress Using Plugin
Finally, on the list of moving from HTML to WordPress is using an existing theme as is and simply migrating your content from your HTML site into it. This is the simplest way – all you need to do is install and activate the theme of your choice (we assume you know how to do that by now) and then follow the steps below.
By the way, though this process isn’t super hard, there are things that can go wrong. For that reason, make sure you back up your WordPress site before going through with it.
1. Install the Import Plugin
The first thing you need to do is install the plugin HTML Import 2. The easiest way to achieve this is to go to Plugins > Add New and search for it by name. When you find it on the list (it might be further to the bottom), click on Install Now. Activate it when it’s done.
2. Prepare the Import
To import several pages at once, you need to upload them to the same server as your WordPress installation. The plugin will propose something like html-files-to-import the folder name but you can choose whatever you want. Just make sure to remember the pathname.
As you will see in the following, you can also import single pages one by one. For either method, go to WordPress and Settings > HTML Import. We will go over the most basic settings now. If you need additional information or if anything is unclear, refer to the official user guide.
Files
Configure this screen as follows:
- Directory to Import — Enter the path that you just copied your existing files to.
- Old site URL — Used for redirects. Enter your old URL. We will deal with this again later in this article.
- Default file —The default file for directories on the old site, usually
index.html. - File extensions to include — The extensions of files you want to import.
- Directories to exclude — If you have any directories in the old site that you don’t want to import, enter them here.
- Preserve file names — To have the plugin automatically using your file names as the new URL, check this box. This makes sense if your titles are very long because usually, the importer will use them to create the slug.
Content
Under content, you need to configure the HTML tag that contains your site content.
To do that, choose the option HTML tag at the top. Then configure the tag in the following three fields. For example, if your content is contained in a tag called <div id="main">, the information you input would be div, id and main.
The other settings on this page should be self-explanatory and enable you to import images, documents, update internal links, and more.
Title & Metadata
This part is similar to the content part before. However, it’s dealing with page titles. In the beginning, you need to tell the plugin how titles are marked in your HTML template so it can import them into the right place.
In addition, you are able to filter out redundant things like the site title as that’s often displayed by WordPress themes by default. If your titles reside inside the content, you can also tell the importer to delete them so they are not included twice.
What’s important is that you decide whether to import your old content like posts or pages. The rest is rather self-explanatory and lets you configure WordPress settings for new pages.
Custom Fields
If you have any data that needs importing into custom fields, you can configure this here.
Categories & Tags
Here you can assign categories, tags, and post formats to your imported content. The plugin will show the existing taxonomy on your site to make this step easier.
Tools
This screen lists a number of useful tools for successfully importing from HTML to WordPress.
3. Start Importing
Once you are done, save the settings. This will enable the Import Files button. Click it to get started.
(Note: you can also get here via Tools > Import and then picking Run Importer under the HTML option.)
Next, choose whether to import a directory of files or a single file (you need to browse to it), then hit Submit. The plugin will then go to work.
Once done, you should have all existing content on your WordPress site and formatted by the new theme. Or, if you went one of the other routes, your site should look basically the same as your former HTML website. Nicely done!
Additional Steps
If you plan on deploying the WordPress site in the same place where the static HTML website used to be, there a few more things to do before you finish.
The first one is to check the URLs of your newly imported posts and pages to make sure they are search engine friendly (i.e. include the keywords you want to rank for). It’s very simple – just go to a page or post and look at the URL below the title.
To change it, click Edit on the right, change to the URL to your choice, and hit Ok.
A second thing is to implement redirects from the old URLs to the new ones. That way, you won’t lose out on existing SEO value.
If you have filled in the old site address in the HTML plugin, it will create the redirect code for you. You can copy and paste this into the file.htaccess that resides on your server (usually in the root directory).
You access it via FTP, however, you might have to enable seeing hidden files as it isn’t visible by default. Then edit .htaccess and input the rules.
Be aware that it only works if you have left the URLs unchanged. If you haven’t and need to set custom redirects, use the Redirection plugin. It’s a very comfortable solution that also tracks whenever somebody lands on a non-existent URL on your site. That way you can implement redirects for those links as well.
Did You Successfully Move from HTML to WordPress?
And that’s it. You just learned how to convert a static HTML site to WordPress. As a consequence, you have become part of one of the largest communities on the web and gained access to thousands of resources to make your site even better.
Depending on which solution you picked above, you have already gotten an impression of how WordPress works. From here on, it’s quite easy to branch out and dive deeper into creating websites with the WordPress platform. If you need additional help in this area, this site has loads of it. You can learn how to:
- Customize WordPress step by step
- Move your site from HTTP to HTTPS
- Add custom fonts to WordPress
- Speed up your WordPress website
- Add a contact form to your WordPress site
Aside from that, we wish you good luck with your newly minted WordPress website. We hope you enjoy working with WordPress as much as we do.
